Previous endocrinology study revealed that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at greater risk for developing mental health problems like anxiety and depression. A recent study suggests that it can be due to hormonal imbalances before birth.
About PCOS
In the United States, about 5 million women have PCOS. It is a condition characterized by the growth of benign tumors in one or both ovaries, having irregular periods, and high level of testosterone.
Women with PCOS will be having a hard time getting pregnant due to hormonal imbalances. The condition may also affect the way they look and may even cause more serious health problems like heart disease and diabetes.
PCOS can affect females as young as 11 years old. It is estimated that about 1 in 10 women of childbearing age has it.
Risk Factors
There are several factors that can increase the person's risk for developing PCOS. These include family history of PCOS and diabetes, long-term use of seizure medication, and high level of insulin.
Family History
Women with family history of PCOS and diabetes are more likely to develop have the condition than those without. PCOS can be passed down from either a person's mother or father side.
Seizure Medication
Long-term use of seizure drugs like Depakote has been shown to increase one's risk to developing PCOS.
High Level of Insulin
High level of insulin can boost the production of androgen. Hence, women with high levels of insulin are more likely to develop PCOS.
Clinical Manifestations
PCOS starts gradually. The hormonal changes usually start during teenage years after menarche. Aside from the noticeable weight gain, women with PCOS often manifest the following: menstrual problems, hair loss, acne, increased hair growth on the face and body (a condition called hirsutism), insulin resistance, pelvic pain and sleep apnea.
To confirm the diagnosis of PCOS, the doctor will ask about your medical history particularly on your menstrual periods. Aside from thorough medical history, the doctor may also do several tests including physical exam, pelvic exam, blood tests, and vaginal ultrasound.
PCOS and Mental Health Problems
According to researchers, women with PCOS are more likely to develop mental health problems because of exposure to high levels of testosterone before birth.
Testosterone affects the area of the brain that regulates emotions and behavior. High level of testosterone can have a significant effect on the amygdala, part of the brain responsible for emotions.
The incidence rate of women who have PCOS who also have mental health problems like depression and anxiety supports these studies. Research also revealed that these women are at greater risk for eating disorder and suicide.
